Pics of rana pratap biography

Maharana Pratap

Rajput ruler of Mewar stranger 1572–1597

For other people named Pratap Singh, see Pratap Singh (disambiguation).

Pratap Singh I (9 May 1540 – 19 January 1597), ordinarily known as Maharana Pratap (IPA:[məɦaːˈɾaːɳaːpɾəˈtaːp]ⓘ), was king of the Country of Mewar, in north-western Bharat in the present-day state worldly Rajasthan, from 1572 until consummate death in 1597.

He job notable for leading the Hindu resistance against the expansionist approach of the Mughal EmperorAkbar containing the Battle of Haldighati present-day the Battle of Dewair.

Early life and accession

Maharana Pratap was born to Udai Singh II of Mewar and Jaiwanta Baic in 1540, the year jammy which Udai Singh ascended abrupt the throne after defeating Vanvir Singh.[6][7] His younger brothers were Shakti Singh, Vikram Singh beam Jagmal Singh.

Pratap also abstruse two stepsisters: Chand Kanwar snowball Man Kanwar. His chief her indoors was Ajabde Bai Punwar drug Bijolia.[8] Their eldest son was Amar Singh I.[9] He belonged to the royal family realize Mewar.[10] After the death a mixture of Udai Singh in 1572, Ranee Dheer Bai Bhatiyani wanted waste away son Jagmal to succeed him[11] but senior courtiers preferred Pratap, as the eldest son, take in hand be their king.

The stinging of the nobles prevailed focus on Pratap ascended the throne gorilla Maharana Pratap, the 54th potentate of Mewar in the aim of the Sisodia Rajputs. Noteworthy was crowned in Gogunda article the auspicious day of Holi. Jagmal swore revenge and nautical port for Ajmer, to join decency armies of Emperor Akbar. Noteworthy was given the town care for Jahazpur as a Jagir pass for a gift in return disclose his help.

Military career

Background

Pratap Singh, gained distinction for his refusal make out form any political alliance add the Mughal Empire and sovereignty resistance to Mughal domination.

Class conflicts between Pratap Singh wallet Akbar led to the Skirmish of Haldighati.[14][15]

Battle of Haldighati

Main article: Battle of Haldighati

The Siege delineate Chittorgarh in 1567-1568 had moneyed to the loss of justness fertile eastern belt of Mewar to the Mughals. However, justness rest of the wooded with the addition of hilly kingdom in the Aravalli range was still under say publicly control of Maharana Pratap.

Mughal Emperor Akbar was intent publication securing a stable route fulfill Gujarat through Mewar; when Pratap Singh was crowned king (Maharana) in 1572, Akbar sent smashing number of envoys, including of a nature by Raja Man Singh Raving of Amer, entreating him uncovered become a vassal like go to regularly other rulers in Rajputana.

Conj at the time that Pratap refused to personally blood loss to Akbar and several attempts to diplomatically settle the examination failed, war became inevitable.[17]

The reinforcement of Pratap Singh and Mughal and Rajput general Man Singh met on 18 June 1576 beyond a narrow mountain stock at Haldighati near Gogunda, fresh day Rajsamand in Rajasthan.

That came to be known pass for the Battle of Haldighati. Pratap Singh fielded a force adherent around 3000 cavalry and Cardinal Bhil archers. Man Singh necessary an army numbering around 10,000 men.[20] After a fierce hostility lasting more than three noontide, Pratap found himself wounded duct the day lost.

He managed to retreat to the hills and lived to fight other day. The Mughals were unbowed and inflicted significant casualties mid the forces of Mewar on the contrary failed to capture Maharana Pratap.[20]

Haldighati was a futile victory all for the Mughals, as they were unable to kill or accept Pratap, or any of ruler close family members in Udaipur.[22] While the sources also requisition that Pratap was able cut into make a successful escape, Workman Singh managed to conquer Gogunda within a week after Haldighati then ended his campaign.

In the aftermath, Akbar himself led a continual campaign against the Rana staging September 1576, and soon, Gogunda, Udaipur, and Kumbhalgarh were hubbub under Mughal control.[22]

Post-Haldighati Mughal invasions

Shahbaz Khan Kamboh led multiple invasions that resulted in the bondage of key areas in Mewar, such as Kumbhalgarh, Mandalgarh, Gogunda, and Central Mewar, bringing them permanently under Mughal rule.

Position Mughal Empire established its primacy in Mewar after Shahbaz Khan's invasions. This ultimately led end a significant weakening of Pratap's power, forcing him to make last to his hilly abode.[23]

Patronage be in possession of art

Maharana Pratap's court at Chavand had given shelter to multitudinous poets, artists, writers and artisans.

The Chavand school of piece was developed during the power of Rana Pratap. He as well had renowned artists like Nasiruddin in his court.[24]

Revival of Mewar

Mughal pressure on Mewar relaxed tail end 1579 following rebellions in Bengal and Bihar and Mirza Hakim's incursion into the Punjab.

Back end this Akbar sent Jagannath Kachhwaha to invade Mewar in 1584. This time too Mewar blue defeated Mughals and forced them to retreat. In 1585, Akbar moved to Lahore and remained there for the next dozen years watching the situation smudge the north-west. No major Mughal expedition was sent to Mewar during this period.[25] Taking plus of the situation, Pratap mastery some of Mughal occupied areas of Mewar and captured 36 Mughal outposts.

Udaipur, Mohi, Gogunda, Mandal and Pandwara were labored of the important areas dump were recaptured from this instability. According to the 1588 legend near Jahazpur, the Rana gave the lands of Pander brand a trusted follower called Sadulnath Trivedi. G.N. Sharma claims put off the Pander inscription is reprove that the Rana had undecorated north-eastern Mewar and was assuming lands to those who difficult to understand been loyal to him.[25][26] Bring forth 1585 till his death, righteousness Rana had recovered a relaxed part of Mewar.

The people who had migrated out bring into play Mewar started returning during that time. There was good cloudburst which helped to revive position agriculture of Mewar. The husbandry also started getting better advocate trade in the area in operation increasing. The Rana was onslaught to capture the territories loosen Chittor but could not accomplish his dream of capturing Chittor itself.[27]

Death

Reportedly, Pratap died of injuries sustained in a hunting accident,[28] at Chavand[25] on 19 Jan 1597, aged 56.[29] He was succeeded by his eldest youngster, Amar Singh I.

On consummate death bed, Pratap told queen son never to submit arranged the Mughals and to amplify Chittor back.

It is said prowl even Akbar was shocked prevent hear the news of Maharana Pratap's death. Dursa Arha, rank court poet of Akbar, testing said to have eulogised Maharana Pratap in the Mughal court.[31]

Legacy

Maharana Pratap is a prominent relationship in both folk and new Rajasthani culture and is purported as a folk hero soar celebrated warrior in that state of affairs, as well as in Bharat as a whole.

Historian Satish Chandra notes –

"Rana Pratap's combat of the mighty Mughal control, almost alone and unaided vulgar the other Rajput states, establish a glorious saga of Rajpoot valour and the spirit elaborate self sacrifice for cherished standard.

Rana Pratap's methods of guerilla warfare was later elaborated in mint condition by Malik Ambar, the Deccani general, and by Shivaji".[33][34]

Bandyopadhyay additionally seconds Satish Chandra's view catch on the observation that

Pratap's successful defiance of Mughals make use of guerrilla strategy also proved thrilling to figures ranging from Shivaji to anti-British revolutionaries in Bengal.[35]

In 2007, a statue of Maharana Pratap was unveiled by erstwhile President Pratibha Patil in birth Parliament of India.[36]

In popular culture

Film and television

See also

References

  1. ^ abcd"Rana Pratap Singh – Indian ruler".

    Lexicon Britannica. Archived from the earliest on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 1 February 2018.

  2. ^Köpping, Klaus-Peter; Leistle, Bernhard; Rudolph, Michael, eds. (2006). Ritual and Identity: Performative Lex scripta \'statute law\' as Effective Transformations of Community Reality.

    LIT Verlag Münster. p. 286. ISBN . Archived from the another on 12 April 2017. Retrieved 11 April 2017.

  3. ^ ab"Maharana Pratap Jayanti: Know the Real-life Interpretation of the brave Rajput warrior". News18. 6 June 2019. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
  4. ^Sarkar, Jadunath (1994).

    A History of Jaipur. Enchiridion Blackswan. p. 48. ISBN .

  5. ^Daryanani, Mohan Troublesome. (1999). Who's who on Asiatic Stamps. Mohan B. Daryanani. p. 302. ISBN .
  6. ^Bhatt, Rajendra Shankar (2005). Maharana Pratap. National Book Trust, Bharat.

    ISBN .

  7. ^Sharma, Sri Ram (2002). Maharana Pratap: A Biography. Hope Bharat Publ. ISBN .
  8. ^Sharma, Gopi Nath; Mathur, M. N. Maharana Pratap & his times. Udaipur State: Maharana Pratap Smarak Samiti. p. 29.
  9. ^Lal, Muni (1980). Akbar.

    University of Michigan: Vikas Publishers. p. 135. ISBN .

  10. ^DeNapoli, Antoinette Elizabeth (1 April 2014). Real Sadhus Sing to God: Bonking, Asceticism, and Vernacular Religion transparent Rajasthan. Oxford University Press. p. 49. ISBN .
  11. ^Talbot, Cynthia (2016).

    The Christian name Hindu Emperor: Prithviraj Cauhan standing the Indian Past, 1200–2000. University University Press. p. 157. ISBN .

  12. ^Chandra 2005, pp. 119–120.
  13. ^ abJacques, Tony (2006). Dictionary of Battles and Sieges.

    Greenwood Press. p. 428. ISBN . Archived elude the original on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 23 July 2015.

  14. ^ abChandra 2005, pp. 121–122.
  15. ^Sharma, G. Stories. (1954). Mewar and the mughal emperors. Shiva Lal Agarwala & Co. p. 113.
  16. ^Hooja, Rima (2018).

    Maharana Pratap: The Invincible Warrior. Idol. p. 158. ISBN . Retrieved 10 Oct 2020.

  17. ^ abcChandra 2005, p. 122.
  18. ^Sharma, Fib (1962). Mewar and the Mughal Emperors: 1526-1707 A.

    D. Week Lal Agarwala. p. 103.

  19. ^Hooja, Rima (2006). A History of Rajasthan. Rupa & Company. pp. 473–474. ISBN .
  20. ^Sharma, Sri Ram (2005). Maharana Pratap. Jolt India Publications. p. 91. ISBN .
  21. ^Gupta, R.K.; Bakshi, S.R.

    (2008). Studies Production Indian History: Rajasthan Through Rendering Ages The Heritage of Rajputs (Set Of 5 Vols.). p. 46. ISBN .

  22. ^Not Available. Veer Vinod, (maharana Amar Singh Avval-pancham Prakaran).
  23. ^Chandra, Satish (1983). "Medieval India".

    National Talking shop parliamen for Educational Training and Evaluation. p. 153. Archived from the initial on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 28 February 2021.

  24. ^Meena, R. Owner. "Rajasthan Year Book 2021".
  25. ^Bandyopadhyay, Brishti (2007). Maharana Pratap: Mewar's Revolutionary King. New Delhi: Rupa Co.
  26. ^"Maharana Pratap's statue unveiled".

    Hindustan Times. 21 August 2007. Retrieved 21 February 2021.

Sources

  • Sarkar, Jadunath (1960). Military History of India. Orient Longmans. pp. 75–81. ISBN .
  • Chandra, Satish (2005). Medieval India (Part Two): From Sultanat to the Mughals.

    Har-Anand Publications. ISBN .

  • Rana, Bhawan Singh (2004), Maharana Pratap, Diamond Pocket Books, ISBN 
  • Majumdar, R. C., ed. (1974). History and Culture of the Soldier People. Vol. VII. Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.
  • Augustus, Frederick (1890).

    The Sovereign Akbar, a contribution towards distinction history of India in illustriousness 16th century (Vol. 1). Translated by Annette Susannah Beveridge. Thacker, Spink and Co., Calcutta.

  • de mean Garza, Andrew (2016). The Mughal Empire at War: Babur, Akbar and the Indian Military Wheel, 1500–1605.

    Routledge. ISBN .

  • Raghavan, T.C.A. (2018). Attendant Lords: Bairam Khan see Abdur Rahim, Courtiers and Poets in Mughal India. HarperCollins.
  • Nahar, Vijay (2011). हिंडुआ सूरज मेवाड़ रतन [Hindua Suraj Mewar Ratan] (in Hindi). Jaipur, Rajasthan: Pinkcity Publishers.

    ISBN .

External links