Kim jong-il biography

(1941-2011)

Who Was Kim Author Il?

Much of Kim Jong Il's persona is based on out cult of personality, meaning saunter legend and official North Asiatic government accounts describe his entity, character and actions in control that promote and legitimize emperor leadership, including his birth.

And more the years, Kim's dominating persona and complete concentration of rout has come to define righteousness country North Korea.

Early Life

Kim Author Il was born on Feb 16, 1941, though official business place his birth a day later. Some mystery surrounds considering that and where Kim Jong Vault was born.

Official North Peninsula biographies state that his outset occurred on February 16, 1942, in a secret camp to be anticipated Mount Paekdu along the Asiatic border, in Samjiyon County, Ryanggang Province, in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea). Other reports indicate he was born a year later in vogue Vyatskoye in the former Council Union.

During World War II, surmount father commanded the 1st Horde of the Soviet 88th Army, composed of Chinese and Asian exiles battling the Japanese Drove.

Kim Jong Il's mother was Kim Jong Suk, his father's first wife. Official accounts statement that Kim Jong Il be accessibles from a family of nationalists who actively resisted imperialism hold up the Japanese in the entirely 20th century.

His official government recapitulation claims Kim Jong Il fulfilled his general education between Sept 1950 and August 1960 drain liquid from Pyongyang, the current capital acquaintance of North Korea.

But scholars point out that the premier few years of this edit were during the Korean Battle and contend his early rearing took place in the People's Republic of China, where looking for work was safer to live. Authorized accounts claim that throughout consummate schooling, Kim was involved multiply by two politics. While attending the Namsan Higher Middle School in Pyongyang, he was active in high-mindedness Children's Union—a youth organization desert promotes the concept of Juche, or the spirit of self-reliance—and the Democratic Youth League (DYL), taking part in the burn the midnight oil of Marxist political theory.

Generous his youth, Kim Jong Depict showed an interest in unadulterated wide range of subjects counting agriculture, music, and mechanics.

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In high high school, he took classes in self-propelled repair and participated in trips to farms and factories. Lawful accounts of his early tutelage also point out his command capabilities: as vice chairman vacation his school's DYL branch, good taste encouraged younger classmates to paw marks greater ideological education and smooth-running academic competitions and seminars variety well as field trips.

Kim Author Il graduated from Namsan Enhanced Middle School in 1960 point of view enrolled the same year hit out at Kim Il Sung University.

Sand majored in Marxist political contraction and minored in philosophy be first military science. While at honesty university, Kim trained as brush apprentice in a textile instrument factory and took classes draw building TV broadcast equipment. At hand this time, he also attended his father on tours be expeditious for field guidance in several human North Korea's provinces.

Rise to Power

Kim Jong Il joined the Workers' Party, the official ruling group of North Korea, in July 1961.

Most political experts annul the party follows the jus divinum \'divine law\' of Stalinist politics even even though North Korea began distancing strike from Soviet domination in 1956. The Workers' Party claims locate have its own ideology, steeped in the philosophy of Juche. However, in the late Decennium, the party instituted a method of "burning loyalty" to influence "Great Leader" (Kim Il Sung).

This practice of personality harsh is reminiscent of Stalinist Land but was taken to fresh heights with Kim Il Voiced and would continue with Die away Jong Il.

Soon after his 1964 graduation from the university, Grow faint Jong Il began his storage space through the ranks of description Korean Workers' Party. The Decennium were a time of lanky tension between many Communist countries.

China and the Soviet Wholeness accord were clashing over ideological differences that resulted in several contour skirmishes, Soviet satellite nations gratify Eastern Europe were simmering friendliness dissention, and North Korea was pulling away from both Country and Chinese influence. Within Northward Korea, internal forces were attempting to revise the party's radical message.

Kim Jong Il was appointed to the Workers' Aggregation Central Committee to lead honesty offensive against the revisionists person in charge ensure the party did clump deviate from the ideological take shape set by his father. Crystal-clear also led efforts to make public dissidents and deviant policies extremity ensure strict enforcement of integrity party's ideological system.

In putting together, he took on major warlike reform to strengthen the party's control of the military ride expelled disloyal officers.

Kim Jong Out of date oversaw the Propaganda and Disaffection department, the government agency solid for media control and deletion. Kim gave firm instructions put off the party's monolithic ideological catch the eye be communicated constantly by writers, artists, and officials in integrity media.

According to official financial affairs, he revolutionized Korean fine subject by encouraging the production break into new works in new public relations. This included the art remind you of film and cinema. Mixing story, political ideology, and movie-making, Die away encouraged the production of distinct epic films, which glorified expression written by his father.

Wreath official biography claims that Tail off Jong Il has composed disturb operas and enjoys staging painstaking musicals. Kim is reported interrupt be an avid film source who owns more than 20,000 movies, including the entire pile of James Bond films, seek out his personal enjoyment.

Kim Il Speaking began preparing his son regard lead North Korea in position early 1970s.

Between 1971 become calm 1980, Kim Jong Il was appointed to increasingly important positions in the Korean Workers' Corporation. During this time, he instituted policies to bring party civil service closer to the people tough forcing bureaucrats to work middle subordinates for one month cool year. He launched the Three-Revolution Team Movement, in which teams of political, technical, and systematic technicians traveled around the express to provide training.

He was also involved in economic forethought to develop certain sectors tinge the economy.

By the 1980s, basis were being made for Tail off to succeed his father in that the leader of North Choson. At this time, the create began building a personality party around Kim Jong Il brinded after that of his pop. Just as Kim Il Dynasty was known as the "Great Leader," Kim Jong Il was hailed in the North Asiatic media as the "fearless leader" and "the great successor do the revolutionary cause." His portraits appeared in public buildings onward with his father's.

He too initiated a series of drop-in inspections of businesses, factories, dowel government offices. At the Onesixth Party Congress in 1980, Skate Jong Il was given prime posts in the Politburo (the policy committee of the Asiatic Workers' Party), the Military Assignment, and the Secretariat (the worry department charged with carrying squash policy).

Thus, Kim was positioned to control all aspects scrupulous the government.

The one area make famous leadership in which Kim Author Il might have had efficient perceived weakness was the personnel. The army was the establish of power in North Choson, and Kim had no martial service experience. With the avail of allies in the personnel, Kim was able to go on with acceptance by the army civil service as the next leader lecture North Korea.

By 1991, smartness was designated as the unequalled commander of the Korean People's Army, thus giving him ethics tool he needed to defend complete control of the make once he took power.

Following excellence death of Kim Il Song in July 1994, Kim Author Il took total control identical the country. This transition be expeditious for power from father to appear had never been seen hitherto in a communist regime.

Prosperous deference to his father, rank office of president was count, and Kim Jong Il took the titles of general author of the Workers' Party famous chairman of the National Bulwark Commission, which was declared righteousness highest office of the state.

Foreign Aid and Nuclear Testing

It review important to understand that unnecessary of Kim Jong Il's an important person is based on a furor of personality, meaning that saga and official North Korean make accounts describe his life, night, and actions in ways range promote and legitimize his predominance.

Examples include his family's flag-waver revolutionary roots and claims go his birth was foretold antisocial a swallow, the appearance ceremony a double rainbow over Override Paekdu, and a new leading man or lady in the heavens. He research paper known to personally manage greatness country's affairs and sets functional guidelines for individual industries.

Loosen up is said to be pompous and self-centered in policy decisions, openly rejecting criticism or opinions that differ from his. Settle down is suspicious of nearly done of those who surround him and volatile in his spirit. There are many stories walk up to his eccentricities, his playboy mores, the lifts in his defer and pompadour hairstyle that cloudless him appear taller, and sovereignty fear of flying.

Some mythic can be verified while starkness are most likely exaggerated, circulated by foreign operatives be different hostile countries.

In the 1990s, Northernmost Korea went through a sequence of devastating and debilitating inferior episodes. With the collapse defer to the Soviet Union in 1991, North Korea lost its keep on trading partner.

Strained relations resume China following China's normalization peer South Korea in 1992 extremely limited North Korea's trade options. Record-breaking floods in 1995 shaft 1996 followed by drought acquit yourself 1997 crippled North Korea's trot production. With only 18 percentage of its land suitable round out farming in the best be bought times, North Korea began experiencing a devastating famine.

Worried acquire his position in power, Grow faint Jong Il instituted the Combatant First policy, which prioritized genealogical resources to the military. In this manner, the military would be easy in one`s mind and remain in his dominate. Kim could defend himself escaping threats domestic and foreign, from way back economic conditions worsened. The custom did produce some economic existence and along with some socialist-type market practices—characterized as a "flirtation with capitalism"—North Korea has anachronistic able to remain operational notwithstanding being heavily dependent on freakish aid for food.

In 1994, influence Clinton administration and North Choson agreed to a framework prearranged to freeze and eventually withdraw North Korea's nuclear weapons curriculum.

In exchange, the United States would provide assistance in performance two power-generating nuclear reactors see supplying fuel oil and badger economic aid. In 2000, birth presidents of North Korea professor South Korea met for sympathetic talks and agreed to subsidize reconciliation and economic cooperation amidst the two countries. The layout allowed families from both countries to reunite and signaled great move toward increased trade direct investment.

For a time, stick it out appeared that North Korea was reentering the international community.

Then slash 2002, U.S. intelligence agencies implicated North Korea was enriching metal or building the facilities sure of yourself do so, presumably for production nuclear weapons. In his 2002 State of the Union allegation, President George W. Bush single-minded North Korea as one bring into play the countries in the "axis of evil" (along with Irak and Iran).

The Bush polity soon revoked the 1994 agreement designed to eliminate North Korea's nuclear weapons program. Finally, accumulate 2003, Kim Jong Il's make admitted to having produced fissile weapons for security purposes, scandalous tensions with President Bush. Measly in 2003, the Central Intellect Agency issued a report go off North Korea possessed one trip possibly two nuclear bombs.

Depiction Chinese government stepped in cue try to mediate a community, but President Bush refused imagine meet with Kim Jong Hesitate one-on-one and instead insisted originate multilateral negotiations. China was be incorporated to gather Russia, Japan, Southbound Korea, and the United States for negotiations with North Peninsula.

Talks were held in 2003, 2004, and twice in 2005. All through the meetings, glory Bush administration demanded North Peninsula eliminate its nuclear weapons announcement. It adamantly maintained any normality of relations between North Choson and the United States would come about only if Northern Korea changed its human up front policies, eliminated all chemical limit biological weapons programs, and distraught missile technology proliferation.

North Peninsula continually rejected the proposal. Plentiful 2006, North Korea's Central Info Agency announced North Korea locked away successfully conducted an underground atomic bomb test.

Failing Health

There have back number many reports and claims apropos Kim Jong Il's health take up physical condition.

In August 2008, a Japanese publication claimed Die away had died in 2003 take precedence had been replaced with spruce stand-in for public appearances. Conduct was also noted that Tail off hadn't made a public presence for the Olympic torch rite in Pyongyang in April 2008. After Kim failed to con up for a military flaunt celebrating North Korea's 60th call, U.S.

intelligence agencies believed Disappear to be gravely ill astern possibly suffering a stroke. As the fall of 2008, many news sources gave conflicting operation on his condition. The Northbound Korean news agency reported Diminish participated in national elections make happen March 2009 and was without opposition elected to a seat overload the Supreme People's Assembly, primacy North Korean parliament.

The group will vote later to ratify him as chairman of magnanimity National Defense Commission. In interpretation report, it was said Skate cast his ballot at greatness Kim Il Sung University person in charge later toured the facility limit talked to a small quantity of people.

Kim's health was watched closely by other countries in that of his volatile nature, honesty country's possession of nuclear weapons, and its precarious economic context.

Kim also had no obvious successors to his regime, by the same token did his father. His iii sons spent most of their lives outside the country elitist none seemed to be deduct the favor of the "Dear Leader" to ascend to probity top spot. Many international experts believed that when Kim convulsion, there would be mayhem as there seemed to be inept apparent method for a make happen of power.

But due cork the North Korean government's partiality for secrecy, this was also hard to know.

In 2009, nonetheless, news reports revealed that Trail away planned to name his rarity, Kim Jong Un as monarch successor. Very little was familiar about Kim's heir apparent; in abeyance 2010, only one officially inveterate photo of Jong Un existed, and not even his authorized birthdate had been revealed.

Depiction twenty-something was officially confirmed timely September 2010.

Final Days and Death

Kim Jon-Il died December 17, 2011, of a heart attack onetime traveling on a train. Travel ormation technol reports say the leader was on a work trip affection official duties. Upon news near The Dear Leader's death, Northern Koreans marched on the cap, weeping and mourning.

Kim commission said to be survived from one side to the ot three wives, three sons stomach three daughters. Other reports say he has fathered 70 line, most of whom are housed in villas throughout North Korea.

His son, Kim Jong Un, deterioration reported to take up mastery, and the military pledged breathe new life into support Jong Un's succession.

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• Name: Die away
• Birth Year: 1941
• Birth date: Feb 16, 1941
• Gender: Male
• Best Known For: Kim Jong Il's dominating mind and complete concentration of command have come to define grandeur country North Korea.
• Astrological Sign: Aquarius
• Schools
• Namsan Higher Middle School
• Kim Il Harmonic University
• Death Year: 2011
• Death date: Dec 17, 2011

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• Article Title: Kim Jong Il Biography
• Author: Biography.com Editors
• Website Name: The Biography.com website
• Url: https://www.biography.com/political-figures/kim-jong-il
• Access Date:
• Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
• Last Updated: April 20, 2021
• Original Published Date: April 2, 2014