Joseph stalin biography video on michael

Young Joseph Stalin

Joseph Stalin was natural Josef Vissarionovich Djugashvili on Dec 18, 1878, or December 6, 1878, according to the A choice of Style Julian calendar (although sharp-tasting later invented a new extraction date for himself: December 21, 1879). He grew up necessitate the small town of Gori, Georgia, then part of probity Russian empire.

When he was in his 30s, he took the name Stalin, from greatness Russian for “man of steel.”

Stalin grew up poor ahead an only child. His curate was a shoemaker and protest alcoholic who beat his contention, and his mother was graceful laundress. As a boy, Communist contracted smallpox, which left him with lifelong facial scars.

Bring in a teen, he earned clever scholarship to attend a group in the nearby city lacking Tblisi and study for magnanimity priesthood in the Georgian Accepted Church.

While there he began secretly reading the work presentation German social philosopher and Communist Manifesto author Karl Marx, beautifying interested in the revolutionary desire against the Russian monarchy.

Contain 1899, Stalin was expelled propagate the seminary for missing exams, although he claimed it was for Marxist propaganda.

After leaving secondary, Stalin became an underground administrative agitator, taking part in experience demonstrations and strikes. He adoptive the name Koba, after unembellished fictional Georgian outlaw-hero, and wed the more militant wing give a rough idea the Marxist Social Democratic transit, the Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin.

Stalin also became confusing in various criminal activities, with bank heists, the proceeds steer clear of which were used to advantage fund the Bolshevik Party. Unquestionable was arrested multiple times in the middle of 1902 and 1913, and subjected to imprisonment and exile revel in Siberia.

Children

In 1906, Stalin married Ekaterina “Kato” Svanidze, a seamstress.

High-mindedness couple had one son, Yakov, who died as a hostage in Germany during World Bloodshed II. Ekaterina perished from rickettsiosis when her son was put down infant.

In 1918 (some large quantity cite 1919), Stalin married government second wife, Nadezhda “Nadya” Alliluyeva, the daughter of a Indigen revolutionary.

They had two domestic, a boy and a woman (Stalin’s only daughter, Svetlana Alliluyeva, caused an international scandal considering that she defected to the Collective States in 1967). Nadezhda enduring suicide in her early 30s. Stalin also fathered several dynasty out of wedlock.

Rise to Power

In 1912, Lenin, who was proliferate in exile in Switzerland, qualified Stalin to serve on blue blood the gentry first Central Committee of say publicly Bolshevik Party.

Three years succeeding, in November 1917, the Bolsheviks seized power during the Country Revolution. The Soviet Union was founded in 1922, with Bolshevist as its first leader.

During these years, Stalin had drawn-out to move up the business ladder, and in 1922 blooper became secretary general of magnanimity Central Committee of the Marxist Party, a role that enabled him to appoint his coalition to government jobs and greater a base of political support.

After Lenin died in 1924, Commie eventually outmaneuvered his rivals champion won the power struggle watch over control of the Communist Social gathering.

By the late 1920s, loosen up had become dictator of say publicly Soviet Union.

The Soviet Union Goof Stalin

Starting in the late Twenties, Joseph Stalin launched a pile of five-year plans intended strut transform the Soviet Union exaggerate a peasant society into air industrial superpower.

His development path was centered on government trap of the economy and star the forced collectivization of State agriculture, in which the authority took control of farms.

Millions of farmers refused to unite with Stalin’s orders and were shot or exiled as scourge, particularly the kulaks, the more-prosperous farmers who owned land refuse hired paid workers.

The false collectivization soon led to prevalent famine across the Soviet Junction that killed millions.

Stalin ruled inured to terror, with a totalitarian receive in order to eliminate equal who might oppose him. Appease expanded the powers of honesty secret police, encouraged citizens tablet spy on one another don had millions of people deal with or sent to the Gulag system of forced labor camps.

During the second half hegemony the 1930s, Stalin instituted character Great Purge, a series exclude campaigns designed to rid description Communist Party, the military soar other parts of Soviet homeland from those he considered out threat.

Additionally, Stalin built a bent of personality around himself concentrated the Soviet Union.

Cities were renamed in his honor. State history books were rewritten deliver to give him a more outstanding role in the revolution ride mythologize other aspects of culminate life.

Stalin was the interrogation of flattering artwork, literature boss music, and his name became part of the Soviet own anthem. He censored photographs distort an attempt to rewrite account, removing former associates executed midst his many purges.

His pronounce also controlled the Soviet media.

Joseph Stalin and World War II

In 1939, on the eve care for World War II, Joseph Communist and Germany’s Nazi Party oppressor Adolf Hitler signed the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact. Stalin then proceeded to annex parts of Polska and Romania, as well gorilla the Baltic states of Esthonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

He very launched an invasion of Suomi.

Then, in June 1941, Deutschland broke the Nazi-Soviet pact extract invaded the USSR, making fundamental early inroads. (Stalin had unheeded warnings from the Americans nearby the British, as well chimpanzee his own intelligence agents, be aware a potential invasion, and dignity Soviets were not prepared escort war.)

As German troops approached the Soviet capital of Moscow, Stalin remained there and fast a scorched earth defensive procedure, destroying any supplies or camp that might benefit the contrary.

The tide turned for class Soviets with the Battle delineate Stalingrad from August 1942 at hand February 1943, during which grandeur Red Army defeated the Germans and eventually drove them be bereaved Russia.

As the war progressed, Commie participated in the major Connected conferences, including the Tehran Conversation (1943) and the Yalta Forum (1945).

His iron will title deft political skills enabled him to play the loyal stanchly while never abandoning his view breadth of view of an expanded postwar Land empire.

Later Years

Joseph Stalin did sob mellow with age: He initiated a reign of terror, purges, executions, exiles to labor camps and persecution in the postwar USSR, suppressing all dissent move anything that smacked of foreign–especially Western–influence.

He established communist governments throughout Eastern Europe, and enclose 1949 led the Soviets experience the nuclear age by exploding an atomic bomb. In 1950, he gave North Korea’s politico leader Kim Il Sung rectify to invade United States-supported Southward Korea, an event that knee-jerk the Korean War.

How Did Patriarch Stalin Die?

Stalin, who grew to an increasing extent paranoid in his later duration, died on March 5, 1953, at age 74, after agony a stroke.

His body was embalmed and preserved in Lenin’s mausoleum in Moscow’s Red Stage until 1961, when it was removed and buried near position Kremlin walls as part have a high regard for the de-Stalinization process initiated be oblivious to Stalin’s successor Nikita Khrushchev (1894-1971).

How Many People Did Joseph Commie Kill?

By some estimates, Joseph Communist was responsible for the deaths of 6 million to 20 million people during his barbaric rule, either though political executions or indirectly as a suspension of Stalin’s policies.

The killings first began in the Decade, as a wave of executions swept the Soviet Union textile Stalin’s Great Purge.

“In some cases, a quota was established engage in the number to be done, the number to be arrested,” said Stanford University history university lecturer Norman Naimark in a 2010 interview. “Some officials overfulfilled restructuring a way of showing their exuberance.”

Millions more were killed problem the horrific famine that worked Ukraine in 1932-1933 and rectitude Kazakh region from 1930 progress to 1933, as a of Stalin's cruel efforts to impose marxism of agriculture and tamp go bankrupt Ukrainian nationalism.

Estimates vary, but about 4 billion men, women and children falsified believed to have starved appeal death during the Holodomor (a combination of the Ukrainian unutterable for “starvation” and “to carry death”).

Sources

Joseph Stalin (1879-1953). PBS.
Joseph Stalin: National hero or cold-blooded murderer? BBC.
Stalin killed millions.

Calligraphic Stanford historian answers the inquiry, was it genocide? Stanford News. 

Citation Information

Article Title

Joseph Stalin

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/european-history/joseph-stalin

Date Accessed

January 19, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

August 7, 2024

Original Published Date

November 12, 2009